This version is still in development and is not considered stable yet. For the latest stable version, please use Spring Security 6.1.12! |
Spring MVC Integration
Spring Security provides a number of optional integrations with Spring MVC. This section covers the integration in further detail.
@EnableWebMvcSecurity
As of Spring Security 4.0, @EnableWebMvcSecurity is deprecated.
The replacement is @EnableWebSecurity which will determine adding the Spring MVC features based upon the classpath.
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To enable Spring Security integration with Spring MVC add the @EnableWebSecurity
annotation to your configuration.
Spring Security provides the configuration using Spring MVC’s WebMvcConfigurer.
This means that if you are using more advanced options, like integrating with WebMvcConfigurationSupport directly, then you will need to manually provide the Spring Security configuration.
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MvcRequestMatcher
Spring Security provides deep integration with how Spring MVC matches on URLs with MvcRequestMatcher
.
This is helpful to ensure your Security rules match the logic used to handle your requests.
In order to use MvcRequestMatcher
you must place the Spring Security Configuration in the same ApplicationContext
as your DispatcherServlet
.
This is necessary because Spring Security’s MvcRequestMatcher
expects a HandlerMappingIntrospector
bean with the name of mvcHandlerMappingIntrospector
to be registered by your Spring MVC configuration that is used to perform the matching.
For a web.xml
this means that you should place your configuration in the DispatcherServlet.xml
.
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- All Spring Configuration (both MVC and Security) are in /WEB-INF/spring/ -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- Load from the ContextLoaderListener -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value></param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
Below WebSecurityConfiguration
in placed in the DispatcherServlet
s ApplicationContext
.
-
Java
-
Kotlin
public class SecurityInitializer extends
AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return null;
}
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { RootConfiguration.class,
WebMvcConfiguration.class };
}
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[] { "/" };
}
}
class SecurityInitializer : AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer() {
override fun getRootConfigClasses(): Array<Class<*>>? {
return null
}
override fun getServletConfigClasses(): Array<Class<*>> {
return arrayOf(
RootConfiguration::class.java,
WebMvcConfiguration::class.java
)
}
override fun getServletMappings(): Array<String> {
return arrayOf("/")
}
}
It is always recommended to provide authorization rules by matching on the Providing authorization rules by matching on |
Consider a controller that is mapped as follows:
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Java
-
Kotlin
@RequestMapping("/admin")
public String admin() {
@RequestMapping("/admin")
fun admin(): String {
If we wanted to restrict access to this controller method to admin users, a developer can provide authorization rules by matching on the HttpServletRequest
with the following:
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Bean
public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
.requestMatchers("/admin").hasRole("ADMIN")
);
return http.build();
}
@Bean
open fun filterChain(http: HttpSecurity): SecurityFilterChain {
http {
authorizeHttpRequests {
authorize("/admin", hasRole("ADMIN"))
}
}
return http.build()
}
or in XML
<http>
<intercept-url pattern="/admin" access="hasRole('ADMIN')"/>
</http>
With either configuration, the URL /admin
will require the authenticated user to be an admin user.
However, depending on our Spring MVC configuration, the URL /admin.html
will also map to our admin()
method.
Additionally, depending on our Spring MVC configuration, the URL /admin/
will also map to our admin()
method.
The problem is that our security rule is only protecting /admin
.
We could add additional rules for all the permutations of Spring MVC, but this would be quite verbose and tedious.
Fortunately, when using the requestMatchers
DSL method, Spring Security automatically creates a MvcRequestMatcher
if it detects that Spring MVC is available in the classpath.
Therefore, it will protect the same URLs that Spring MVC will match on by using Spring MVC to match on the URL.
One common requirement when using Spring MVC is to specify the servlet path property, for that you can use the MvcRequestMatcher.Builder
to create multiple MvcRequestMatcher
instances that share the same servlet path:
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Bean
public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http, HandlerMappingIntrospector introspector) throws Exception {
MvcRequestMatcher.Builder mvcMatcherBuilder = new MvcRequestMatcher.Builder(introspector).servletPath("/path");
http
.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
.requestMatchers(mvcMatcherBuilder.pattern("/admin")).hasRole("ADMIN")
.requestMatchers(mvcMatcherBuilder.pattern("/user")).hasRole("USER")
);
return http.build();
}
@Bean
open fun filterChain(http: HttpSecurity, introspector: HandlerMappingIntrospector): SecurityFilterChain {
val mvcMatcherBuilder = MvcRequestMatcher.Builder(introspector)
http {
authorizeHttpRequests {
authorize(mvcMatcherBuilder.pattern("/admin"), hasRole("ADMIN"))
authorize(mvcMatcherBuilder.pattern("/user"), hasRole("USER"))
}
}
return http.build()
}
@AuthenticationPrincipal
Spring Security provides AuthenticationPrincipalArgumentResolver
which can automatically resolve the current Authentication.getPrincipal()
for Spring MVC arguments.
By using @EnableWebSecurity
you will automatically have this added to your Spring MVC configuration.
If you use XML based configuration, you must add this yourself.
For example:
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:argument-resolvers>
<bean class="org.springframework.security.web.method.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipalArgumentResolver" />
</mvc:argument-resolvers>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
Once AuthenticationPrincipalArgumentResolver
is properly configured, you can be entirely decoupled from Spring Security in your Spring MVC layer.
Consider a situation where a custom UserDetailsService
that returns an Object
that implements UserDetails
and your own CustomUser
Object
. The CustomUser
of the currently authenticated user could be accessed using the following code:
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Java
-
Kotlin
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
public ModelAndView findMessagesForUser() {
Authentication authentication =
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
CustomUser custom = (CustomUser) authentication == null ? null : authentication.getPrincipal();
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
open fun findMessagesForUser(): ModelAndView {
val authentication: Authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().authentication
val custom: CustomUser? = if (authentication as CustomUser == null) null else authentication.principal
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
As of Spring Security 3.2 we can resolve the argument more directly by adding an annotation. For example:
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Java
-
Kotlin
import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal;
// ...
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
public ModelAndView findMessagesForUser(@AuthenticationPrincipal CustomUser customUser) {
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
open fun findMessagesForUser(@AuthenticationPrincipal customUser: CustomUser?): ModelAndView {
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
Sometimes it may be necessary to transform the principal in some way.
For example, if CustomUser
needed to be final it could not be extended.
In this situation the UserDetailsService
might returns an Object
that implements UserDetails
and provides a method named getCustomUser
to access CustomUser
.
For example, it might look like:
-
Java
-
Kotlin
public class CustomUserUserDetails extends User {
// ...
public CustomUser getCustomUser() {
return customUser;
}
}
class CustomUserUserDetails(
username: String?,
password: String?,
authorities: MutableCollection<out GrantedAuthority>?
) : User(username, password, authorities) {
// ...
val customUser: CustomUser? = null
}
We could then access the CustomUser
using a SpEL expression that uses Authentication.getPrincipal()
as the root object:
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Java
-
Kotlin
import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal;
// ...
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
public ModelAndView findMessagesForUser(@AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "customUser") CustomUser customUser) {
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal
// ...
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
open fun findMessagesForUser(@AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "customUser") customUser: CustomUser?): ModelAndView {
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
We can also refer to Beans in our SpEL expressions. For example, the following could be used if we were using JPA to manage our Users and we wanted to modify and save a property on the current user.
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Java
-
Kotlin
import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal;
// ...
@PutMapping("/users/self")
public ModelAndView updateName(@AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "@jpaEntityManager.merge(#this)") CustomUser attachedCustomUser,
@RequestParam String firstName) {
// change the firstName on an attached instance which will be persisted to the database
attachedCustomUser.setFirstName(firstName);
// ...
}
import org.springframework.security.core.annotation.AuthenticationPrincipal
// ...
@PutMapping("/users/self")
open fun updateName(
@AuthenticationPrincipal(expression = "@jpaEntityManager.merge(#this)") attachedCustomUser: CustomUser,
@RequestParam firstName: String?
): ModelAndView {
// change the firstName on an attached instance which will be persisted to the database
attachedCustomUser.setFirstName(firstName)
// ...
}
We can further remove our dependency on Spring Security by making @AuthenticationPrincipal
a meta annotation on our own annotation.
Below we demonstrate how we could do this on an annotation named @CurrentUser
.
It is important to realize that in order to remove the dependency on Spring Security, it is the consuming application that would create @CurrentUser .
This step is not strictly required, but assists in isolating your dependency to Spring Security to a more central location.
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Java
-
Kotlin
@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@AuthenticationPrincipal
public @interface CurrentUser {}
@Target(AnnotationTarget.VALUE_PARAMETER, AnnotationTarget.TYPE)
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME)
@MustBeDocumented
@AuthenticationPrincipal
annotation class CurrentUser
Now that @CurrentUser
has been specified, we can use it to signal to resolve our CustomUser
of the currently authenticated user.
We have also isolated our dependency on Spring Security to a single file.
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Java
-
Kotlin
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
public ModelAndView findMessagesForUser(@CurrentUser CustomUser customUser) {
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
@RequestMapping("/messages/inbox")
open fun findMessagesForUser(@CurrentUser customUser: CustomUser?): ModelAndView {
// .. find messages for this user and return them ...
}
Spring MVC Async Integration
Spring Web MVC 3.2+ has excellent support for Asynchronous Request Processing.
With no additional configuration, Spring Security will automatically setup the SecurityContext
to the Thread
that invokes a Callable
returned by your controllers.
For example, the following method will automatically have its Callable
invoked with the SecurityContext
that was available when the Callable
was created:
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Java
-
Kotlin
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
public Callable<String> processUpload(final MultipartFile file) {
return new Callable<String>() {
public Object call() throws Exception {
// ...
return "someView";
}
};
}
@RequestMapping(method = [RequestMethod.POST])
open fun processUpload(file: MultipartFile?): Callable<String> {
return Callable {
// ...
"someView"
}
}
Associating SecurityContext to Callable’s
More technically speaking, Spring Security integrates with |
There is no automatic integration with a DeferredResult
that is returned by controllers.
This is because DeferredResult
is processed by the users and thus there is no way of automatically integrating with it.
However, you can still use Concurrency Support to provide transparent integration with Spring Security.
Spring MVC and CSRF Integration
Automatic Token Inclusion
Spring Security will automatically include the CSRF Token within forms that use the Spring MVC form tag. For example, the following JSP:
<jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page"
xmlns:c="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"
xmlns:form="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" version="2.0">
<jsp:directive.page language="java" contentType="text/html" />
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<!-- ... -->
<c:url var="logoutUrl" value="/logout"/>
<form:form action="${logoutUrl}"
method="post">
<input type="submit"
value="Log out" />
<input type="hidden"
name="${_csrf.parameterName}"
value="${_csrf.token}"/>
</form:form>
<!-- ... -->
</html>
</jsp:root>
Will output HTML that is similar to the following:
<!-- ... -->
<form action="/context/logout" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="Log out"/>
<input type="hidden" name="_csrf" value="f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6"/>
</form>
<!-- ... -->
Resolving the CsrfToken
Spring Security provides CsrfTokenArgumentResolver
which can automatically resolve the current CsrfToken
for Spring MVC arguments.
By using @EnableWebSecurity you will automatically have this added to your Spring MVC configuration.
If you use XML based configuration, you must add this yourself.
Once CsrfTokenArgumentResolver
is properly configured, you can expose the CsrfToken
to your static HTML based application.
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Java
-
Kotlin
@RestController
public class CsrfController {
@RequestMapping("/csrf")
public CsrfToken csrf(CsrfToken token) {
return token;
}
}
@RestController
class CsrfController {
@RequestMapping("/csrf")
fun csrf(token: CsrfToken): CsrfToken {
return token
}
}
It is important to keep the CsrfToken
a secret from other domains.
This means if you are using Cross Origin Sharing (CORS), you should NOT expose the CsrfToken
to any external domains.